Nomagugu Ndlovu, Mabel Sibonginkosi Ndebele, Tecklah Usai, Ruth Nyoka, Patience Marume
Abstract
The growing animal welfare concerns regarding poultry production have led to the rearing of slow-growing meat type chickens also known as free-range chickens. In Zimbabwe these slow-growing chickens are gaining popularity as an alternative to the commercial broiler chickens owing to their preferred sensory attributes comparatively. Little is known regarding the quality of the meat versus that of the conventional broilers. We evaluated the physical characteristics and nutritional composition of meat from dual purpose slow-growing hybrids, Sasso C431 and TR51 in comparison with the commercial broiler breed Ross 308, under intensive feeding conditions. Birds were fed the standard commercial chicken feed produced by Hamara, a local chicken and chicken feed producing company. Birds were slaughtered on days 42, 56 and 70 of life where carcass and breast yield were measured. The pH, drip loss and cooking losses were determined for all carcasses. Proximate composition (dry matter, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrate) and mineral composition (iron, zinc and phosphorus) were determined for all the meat samples. The fast-growing broiler breed had a higher breast yield; than the slower-growing breeds, Sasso C431 and TR51 breeds (P<0.05). The highest cooking and drip loss were observed in the faster growing breed Ross 308 and the lowest ones for Sasso C431 and TR51 breeds (P<0.05). Shear texture values were higher in the Sasso C431 and TR51 than the Ross 308 breed (P<0.05). The Sasso C431 and TR51 breeds can produce more meat with a lower fat and a higher protein compared to the Ross breeds.
Full Text:
References
Ndlovu, N., Usai, T., Usai, E. and Manhokwe, S., (2019) ‘Effect of dietary substitution of maize with finger millet meal on fat deposition on broiler meat’, African Journal of Biological Sciences, 1(4), pp.15-23.
Kryger, K.N.; Thomsen, K.; Whyte, M.; Dissing, M. (2010). Smallholder Poultry Production: Livelihoods, Food Security and Sociocultural Significance; Series FAO Smallholder Poultry Production; FAO: Rome, Italy,; p. 4.
Mir, N., Rafiq, A., Kumar, F., Singh, V. and Shukla, V., (2017) ‘Determinants of broiler chicken meat quality and factors affecting them: a review’, Journal of Food Science and Technology, 54(10), pp.2997-3009.
Haque, M. H., Sarker, S., Islam, M. S., Islam, M. A., Karim, M. R., Kayesh, M. E. H., Shiddiky, M. J. A., & Anwer, M. S. (2020). Sustainable Antibiotic-Free Broiler Meat Production: Current Trends, Challenges, and Possibilities in a Developing Country Perspective. Biology, 9(11), 411.
Zhao X, Ren W, Siegel PB, Li J, Yin H, Liu Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Honaker CF, Zhu Q. (2015) ‘Housing systems interacting with sex and genetic line affect broiler growth and carcass traits’, Poultry Science, 94. pp.1711–1717.
John, K. A., Maalouf, J., B Barsness, C., Yuan, K., Cogswell, M. E., & Gunn, J. P. (2016). Do lower calorie or lower fat foods have more sodium than their regular counterparts? Nutrients, 8(8), 511.
Devatkal, S.K.; Naveena, B.M.; Kotaiah, T. (2019). ‘Quality, composition, and consumer evaluation of meat from slow-growing broilers relative to commercial broilers’, Poultry Science Journal, 98, pp.6177–6186.
Elero˘ glu, H.; Yildirim, A.; ¸Sekero˘ glu, A.; Çoksöyler, F.N.; Duman, M. (2014) ‘Comparison of growth curves by growth models in slow-growing chicken genotypes raised the organic system’, International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 16, 529–535.
Augère-Granier, M.L. (2019) The EU poultry meat and egg sector: main features, challenges and prospects: in-depth analysis.
Tasoniero, G.; Cullere, M.; Baldan, G.; Dalle Zotte, A. (2018) ‘Productive performances and carcass quality of male and female Italian Padovana and Polverara slow-growin g chicken breeds’, Italian Journal of Animal Science, 17, pp.530–539.
Cygan-Szczegielniak, D., and Bogucka. J. (2021). ‘Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Organically Reared Broiler Chickens Depending on Sex’, Animals 11, pp. 3274.
Honikel, K.O. (1987). How to Measure the Water-Holding Capacity of Meat? Recommendation of Standardized Methods. In: Tarrant, P.V., Eikelenboom, G., Monin, G. (eds) Evaluation and Control of Meat Quality in Pigs. Current Topics in Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, vol 38. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3301-9_11
AOAC . (2000) "The Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Methods 925.10, 65.17, 974.24, 992.16." 17th Edition.
Chang, S.K.C., Zhang, Y. (2017). Protein Analysis. In: Nielsen, S.S. (eds) Food Analysis. Food Science Text Series. Springer, Cham.
Mothershaw, A. S., Gaffer, T., Kadim, I., Guzani, N., Al-Amri, I., Mahgoub, O. and Al-Bahry, S. (2009). Quality characteristics of broiler chicken meat on salt at different temperatures. International Journal of Food Properties 12: 681-690.
Fanatico AC, Pillai PB, Cavitt LC, Owens CM, Emmert JL. (2015) ‘Evaluation of slower-growing broiler genotypes grown with and without outdoor access: growth performance and carcass yield’, Poultry Science, 84, pp.1321–1327.
Baxter, M., Richmond, A., Lavery, U., & O'Connell, N. E. (2021). A comparison of fast growing broiler chickens with a slower-growing breed type reared on Higher Welfare commercial farms. PloS one, 16(11), e0259333. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259333
Doğan, S.B., Baylan, M., Bulancak, A., and Ayaşan, T. (2019) ‘Differences in performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality between fast- and slow-growing broiler genotypes, Progress in Nutrition, 21(3), pp. 558-565.
Lonergan, S M., Deeb, N., Fedler, C A. and Lamont, S J. (2003), Breast meat quality and composition in unique chicken population. Poultry Science 82: 1990-1994.
Fanatico, P.B. Pillai, J.L. Emmert, C.M. Owens. (2007). Meat Quality of Slow- and Fast-Growing Chicken Genotypes Fed Low-Nutrient or Standard Diets and Raised Indoors or with Outdoor Access, Poultry Science, Volume 86, Issue 10, Pages 2245-2255
Li, J., Yang, C., Peng, H., Yin, H., Wang, Y., Hu, Y., Yu, C., Jiang, X., Du, H., Li, Q., & Liu, Y. (2019). Effects of Slaughter Age on Muscle Characteristics and Meat Quality Traits of Da-Heng Meat Type Birds. Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 10(1), 69. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10010069.
Ismail, I., & Joo, S. T. (2017). Poultry Meat Quality in Relation to Muscle Growth and Muscle Fiber Characteristics. Korean journal for food science of animal resources, 37(6), 873–883. https://doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2017.37.6.87
Baéza, E., Guillier, L., Petracci, M. (2021) Review: Production factors affecting poultry carcass and meat quality attributes, The International Journal of Animal biosciences, pp.1751-7311.
Wilhelmsson, S., Yngvesson, J., Jönsson, L., Gunnarsson, S., Wallenbeck, A. (2019). Welfare Quality® assessment of a fast-growing and a slower-growing broiler hybrid, reared until 10 weeks and fed a low-protein, high-protein or mussel-meal diet, Livestock Science, 219:, 71-79.
Dixon, L.M (2020). ‘Slow and steady wins the race: The behavior and welfare of commercial faster growing broiler breeds compared to a commercial slower growing breed’, PLoS ONE 15 (4), pp.1-20.
Rezaei M, Yngvesson J, Gunnarsson S, Jonsson L, Wallenbeck A. (2018) ‘Feed efficiency, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of a fast- and a slower-growing broiler hybrid fed low- or high- protein organic diets’, The Journal of Organic Agriculture, 8, pp.121–128.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46676/ij-fanres.v5i3.283
There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
